Atlas of the Tethyan orthophragmines

Abstract Orthophragmines are a group of discoidal, lenticular or stellate ‘orbitoidal’ larger benthic foraminifera that thrived in shallow-marine environments low-to-middle latitudes during the late Paleocene and Eocene. They consist two phylogenetically independent families with similar morphology, such as Discocyclinidae (with Tethyan genera— Discocyclina Nemkovella ) Orbitoclypeidae three Orbitoclypeus , Asterocyclina Hexagonocyclina Tethys) distinguishable by different microspheric juvenarium (B) forms. Sixty-one species orthophragmines herein described illustrated based on material from various localities Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent SE Asia. Thirty-two six thirteen Orbitoclypeus, nine one included. Some include chrono-subspecies, established applying principles embryonic nepionic acceleration megalospheric (A) forms, primarily expressed increase size deuteroconch, morphological modifications forming configurations through phylogeny, number adauxiliary chamberlets arise apparatus. This study is mainly investigating oriented sections many free specimens, some random rock thin where obtaining tests was not possible. The Atlas designed laboratory handbook for micropaleontology students guidebook to assist professionals easy identification sections.